79C3C34C52B45572883A05D425EB0F82
Global Code of Conduct for Research in Resource-Poor Settings
http://www.globalcodeofconduct.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Global-Code-of-Conduct-Brochure.pdf
http://leaux.net/URLS/ConvertAPI Text Files/E30E19360536A19E8C7711DACAB75D93.en.txt
Examining the file media/Synopses/E30E19360536A19E8C7711DACAB75D93.html:
This file was generated: 2020-12-01 09:25:09
| Indicators in focus are typically shown highlighted in yellow; |
Peer Indicators (that share the same Vulnerability association) are shown highlighted in pink; |
"Outside" Indicators (those that do NOT share the same Vulnerability association) are shown highlighted in green; |
Trigger Words/Phrases are shown highlighted in gray. |
Link to Orphaned Trigger Words (Appendix (Indicator List, Indicator Peers, Trigger Words, Type/Vulnerability/Indicator Overlay)
Applicable Type / Vulnerability / Indicator Overlay for this Input
Political / political affiliation
Searching for indicator political:
(return to top)
p.(None): ARTICLE 12
p.(None): Informed consent procedures should be tailored to local requirements to achieve genuine understanding and well-founded
p.(None): decision-making.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 13
p.(None): A clear procedure for feedback, complaints or allegations of misconduct must be offered that gives genuine and
p.(None): appropriate access to all research participants and local partners to express any concerns they may have with the
p.(None): research process. This procedure must be agreed with local partners at the outset of the research.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 14
p.(None): Research that would be severely restricted or prohibited in a high-income setting should not be carried out in a
p.(None): lower-income setting. Exceptions might be permissible in the context of specific local conditions (e.g. diseases not
p.(None): prevalent in high-income countries).
p.(None):
p.(None): If and when such exceptions are dealt with, the internationally acknowledged compliance commandment “comply or explain”
p.(None): must be used, i.e. exceptions agreed upon by the local stakeholders and researchers must be explicitly and
p.(None): transparently justified and made easily accessible to interested parties.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 15
p.(None): Where research involvement could lead to stigmatization (e.g. research on sexually transmitted diseases), incrimination
p.(None): (e.g. sex work), discrimination or indeterminate personal risk (e.g. research on political beliefs), special measures
p.(None): to ensure the safety and wellbeing of research participants need to be agreed with local partners.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 16
p.(None): Ahead of the research it should be determined whether local resources will be depleted to provide staff or other
p.(None): resources for the new project (e.g. nurses or laboratory staff). If so, the implications should be discussed in detail
p.(None): with local communities, partners and authorities and monitored during the study.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 17
p.(None): In situations where animal welfare regulations are inadequate or non-existent in the local setting compared with the
p.(None): country of origin of the researcher, animal experimentation should always be undertaken in line with the higher
p.(None): standards of protection for animals.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 18
p.(None): In situations where environmental protection and biorisk-related regulations are inadequate or non-existent in the
p.(None): local setting compared with the country of origin of the researcher, research should always be undertaken in line with
p.(None): the higher standards of environmental protection.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 19
p.(None): Where research may involve health, safety or security risks for researchers or expose researchers to conflicts of
p.(None): conscience, tailored risk management plans should be agreed in advance of the research between the research team, local
p.(None): partners and employers.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): HONESTY
p.(None):
...
Health / sexually transmitted disases
Searching for indicator sexually transmitted:
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p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 11
p.(None): Researchers from high-income settings should show respect to host country research ethics committees.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): CARE
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 12
p.(None): Informed consent procedures should be tailored to local requirements to achieve genuine understanding and well-founded
p.(None): decision-making.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 13
p.(None): A clear procedure for feedback, complaints or allegations of misconduct must be offered that gives genuine and
p.(None): appropriate access to all research participants and local partners to express any concerns they may have with the
p.(None): research process. This procedure must be agreed with local partners at the outset of the research.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 14
p.(None): Research that would be severely restricted or prohibited in a high-income setting should not be carried out in a
p.(None): lower-income setting. Exceptions might be permissible in the context of specific local conditions (e.g. diseases not
p.(None): prevalent in high-income countries).
p.(None):
p.(None): If and when such exceptions are dealt with, the internationally acknowledged compliance commandment “comply or explain”
p.(None): must be used, i.e. exceptions agreed upon by the local stakeholders and researchers must be explicitly and
p.(None): transparently justified and made easily accessible to interested parties.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 15
p.(None): Where research involvement could lead to stigmatization (e.g. research on sexually transmitted diseases), incrimination
p.(None): (e.g. sex work), discrimination or indeterminate personal risk (e.g. research on political beliefs), special measures
p.(None): to ensure the safety and wellbeing of research participants need to be agreed with local partners.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 16
p.(None): Ahead of the research it should be determined whether local resources will be depleted to provide staff or other
p.(None): resources for the new project (e.g. nurses or laboratory staff). If so, the implications should be discussed in detail
p.(None): with local communities, partners and authorities and monitored during the study.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 17
p.(None): In situations where animal welfare regulations are inadequate or non-existent in the local setting compared with the
p.(None): country of origin of the researcher, animal experimentation should always be undertaken in line with the higher
p.(None): standards of protection for animals.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 18
p.(None): In situations where environmental protection and biorisk-related regulations are inadequate or non-existent in the
p.(None): local setting compared with the country of origin of the researcher, research should always be undertaken in line with
p.(None): the higher standards of environmental protection.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 19
p.(None): Where research may involve health, safety or security risks for researchers or expose researchers to conflicts of
...
Social / Access to Social Goods
Searching for indicator access:
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p.(None): • complementing the European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity through a particular focus on research in
p.(None): resource-poor settings.
p.(None):
p.(None): Those applying the Code oppose double standards in research and support long-term equitable research relationships
p.(None): between partners in
p.(None): lower-income and high-income settings based on fairness, respect, care and honesty.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): FAIRNESS
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 1
p.(None): Local relevance of research is essential and should be determined in collaboration with local partners. Research that
p.(None): is not relevant in the location where it is undertaken imposes burdens without benefits.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 2
p.(None): Local communities and research participants should be included throughout the research process, wherever possible, from
p.(None): planning through to post-study feedback and evaluation, to ensure that their perspectives are fairly represented. This
p.(None): approach represents Good Participatory
p.(None): Practice.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 3
p.(None): Feedback about the findings of the research must be given to local
p.(None): communities and research participants. It should be provided in a way that is meaningful, appropriate and readily
p.(None): comprehended.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 4
p.(None): Local researchers should be included, wherever possible, throughout the research process, including in study design,
p.(None): study implementation, data ownership, intellectual property and authorship of publications.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 5
p.(None): Access by researchers to any biological or agricultural resources, human biological materials, traditional knowledge,
p.(None): cultural artefacts or non-renewable resources such as minerals should be subject to the free and prior informed consent
p.(None): of the owners or custodians.
p.(None): Formal agreements should govern the transfer of any material or knowledge to researchers, on terms that are
p.(None): co-developed with resource custodians or knowledge holders.
p.(None): ARTICLE 6
p.(None): Any research that uses biological materials and associated information such as traditional knowledge or genetic
p.(None): sequence data should clarify to participants the potential monetary and non-monetary benefits that might arise. A
p.(None): culturally appropriate plan to share benefits should be agreed to by all relevant stakeholders, and reviewed regularly
p.(None): as the research evolves.
p.(None): Researchers from high-income settings need to be aware of the power and resource differentials in benefit-sharing
p.(None): discussions, with sustained efforts to bring lower-capacity parties into the dialogue.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 7
p.(None): It is essential to compensate local research support systems, for instance translators, interpreters or local
p.(None): coordinators, fairly for their contribution to research projects.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): RESPECT
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 8
p.(None): Potential cultural sensitivities should be explored in advance of research with local communities, research
...
p.(None):
p.(None): agree on a way of undertaking the research that is acceptable to local stakeholders, it should not take place.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 9
p.(None): Community assent should be obtained through recognized local structures, if required locally. While individual consent
p.(None): must not be compromised, assent from the community may be an ethical prerequisite and a sign of respect for the entire
p.(None): community. It is the responsibility of the researcher to find out local requirements.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 10
p.(None): Local ethics review should be sought wherever possible. It is of vital importance that research projects are approved
p.(None): by
p.(None): a research ethics committee in the host country, wherever this exists, even if ethics approval has already been
p.(None): obtained in the high-income setting.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 11
p.(None): Researchers from high-income settings should show respect to host country research ethics committees.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): CARE
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 12
p.(None): Informed consent procedures should be tailored to local requirements to achieve genuine understanding and well-founded
p.(None): decision-making.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 13
p.(None): A clear procedure for feedback, complaints or allegations of misconduct must be offered that gives genuine and
p.(None): appropriate access to all research participants and local partners to express any concerns they may have with the
p.(None): research process. This procedure must be agreed with local partners at the outset of the research.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 14
p.(None): Research that would be severely restricted or prohibited in a high-income setting should not be carried out in a
p.(None): lower-income setting. Exceptions might be permissible in the context of specific local conditions (e.g. diseases not
p.(None): prevalent in high-income countries).
p.(None):
p.(None): If and when such exceptions are dealt with, the internationally acknowledged compliance commandment “comply or explain”
p.(None): must be used, i.e. exceptions agreed upon by the local stakeholders and researchers must be explicitly and
p.(None): transparently justified and made easily accessible to interested parties.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 15
p.(None): Where research involvement could lead to stigmatization (e.g. research on sexually transmitted diseases), incrimination
p.(None): (e.g. sex work), discrimination or indeterminate personal risk (e.g. research on political beliefs), special measures
p.(None): to ensure the safety and wellbeing of research participants need to be agreed with local partners.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 16
p.(None): Ahead of the research it should be determined whether local resources will be depleted to provide staff or other
...
Social / Incarcerated
Searching for indicator restricted:
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p.(None): must not be compromised, assent from the community may be an ethical prerequisite and a sign of respect for the entire
p.(None): community. It is the responsibility of the researcher to find out local requirements.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 10
p.(None): Local ethics review should be sought wherever possible. It is of vital importance that research projects are approved
p.(None): by
p.(None): a research ethics committee in the host country, wherever this exists, even if ethics approval has already been
p.(None): obtained in the high-income setting.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 11
p.(None): Researchers from high-income settings should show respect to host country research ethics committees.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): CARE
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 12
p.(None): Informed consent procedures should be tailored to local requirements to achieve genuine understanding and well-founded
p.(None): decision-making.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 13
p.(None): A clear procedure for feedback, complaints or allegations of misconduct must be offered that gives genuine and
p.(None): appropriate access to all research participants and local partners to express any concerns they may have with the
p.(None): research process. This procedure must be agreed with local partners at the outset of the research.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 14
p.(None): Research that would be severely restricted or prohibited in a high-income setting should not be carried out in a
p.(None): lower-income setting. Exceptions might be permissible in the context of specific local conditions (e.g. diseases not
p.(None): prevalent in high-income countries).
p.(None):
p.(None): If and when such exceptions are dealt with, the internationally acknowledged compliance commandment “comply or explain”
p.(None): must be used, i.e. exceptions agreed upon by the local stakeholders and researchers must be explicitly and
p.(None): transparently justified and made easily accessible to interested parties.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 15
p.(None): Where research involvement could lead to stigmatization (e.g. research on sexually transmitted diseases), incrimination
p.(None): (e.g. sex work), discrimination or indeterminate personal risk (e.g. research on political beliefs), special measures
p.(None): to ensure the safety and wellbeing of research participants need to be agreed with local partners.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 16
p.(None): Ahead of the research it should be determined whether local resources will be depleted to provide staff or other
p.(None): resources for the new project (e.g. nurses or laboratory staff). If so, the implications should be discussed in detail
p.(None): with local communities, partners and authorities and monitored during the study.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 17
p.(None): In situations where animal welfare regulations are inadequate or non-existent in the local setting compared with the
...
Social / Laboratory Staff
Searching for indicator laboratory staff:
(return to top)
p.(None): research process. This procedure must be agreed with local partners at the outset of the research.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 14
p.(None): Research that would be severely restricted or prohibited in a high-income setting should not be carried out in a
p.(None): lower-income setting. Exceptions might be permissible in the context of specific local conditions (e.g. diseases not
p.(None): prevalent in high-income countries).
p.(None):
p.(None): If and when such exceptions are dealt with, the internationally acknowledged compliance commandment “comply or explain”
p.(None): must be used, i.e. exceptions agreed upon by the local stakeholders and researchers must be explicitly and
p.(None): transparently justified and made easily accessible to interested parties.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 15
p.(None): Where research involvement could lead to stigmatization (e.g. research on sexually transmitted diseases), incrimination
p.(None): (e.g. sex work), discrimination or indeterminate personal risk (e.g. research on political beliefs), special measures
p.(None): to ensure the safety and wellbeing of research participants need to be agreed with local partners.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 16
p.(None): Ahead of the research it should be determined whether local resources will be depleted to provide staff or other
p.(None): resources for the new project (e.g. nurses or laboratory staff). If so, the implications should be discussed in detail
p.(None): with local communities, partners and authorities and monitored during the study.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 17
p.(None): In situations where animal welfare regulations are inadequate or non-existent in the local setting compared with the
p.(None): country of origin of the researcher, animal experimentation should always be undertaken in line with the higher
p.(None): standards of protection for animals.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 18
p.(None): In situations where environmental protection and biorisk-related regulations are inadequate or non-existent in the
p.(None): local setting compared with the country of origin of the researcher, research should always be undertaken in line with
p.(None): the higher standards of environmental protection.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 19
p.(None): Where research may involve health, safety or security risks for researchers or expose researchers to conflicts of
p.(None): conscience, tailored risk management plans should be agreed in advance of the research between the research team, local
p.(None): partners and employers.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): HONESTY
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 20
p.(None): A clear understanding should be reached among collaborators with regard to their roles, responsibilities and conduct
p.(None): throughout the research cycle, from study design through to study implementation, review and dissemination.
p.(None): Capacity-building plans for local researchers should be part of these discussions.
p.(None):
...
Social / Linguistic Proficiency
Searching for indicator language:
(return to top)
p.(None): GLOBAL CODE OF CONDUCT FOR RESEARCH IN RESOURCE-POOR SETTINGS
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): www.globalcodeofconduct.org/
p.(None):
p.(None): GLOBAL CODE OF CONDUCT FOR RESEARCH IN RESOURCE-POOR SETTINGS
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): Research partnerships between high-income and lower-income settings can be highly advantageous for both parties. Or
p.(None): they can lead to ethics dumping, the practice of exporting unethical research practices to lower-income settings.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): This Global Code of Conduct for Research in Resource-Poor Settings counters ethics dumping by:
p.(None):
p.(None): • Providing guidance across all research disciplines
p.(None): • presenting clear, short statements in simple language to achieve the highest possible accessibility
p.(None): • focusing on research collaborations that entail considerable imbalances of power, resources and knowledge
p.(None): • using a new framework based on the values of fairness, respect, care and honesty
p.(None): • offering a wide range of learning materials and affiliated information to support the Code, and
p.(None): • complementing the European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity through a particular focus on research in
p.(None): resource-poor settings.
p.(None):
p.(None): Those applying the Code oppose double standards in research and support long-term equitable research relationships
p.(None): between partners in
p.(None): lower-income and high-income settings based on fairness, respect, care and honesty.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): FAIRNESS
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 1
p.(None): Local relevance of research is essential and should be determined in collaboration with local partners. Research that
p.(None): is not relevant in the location where it is undertaken imposes burdens without benefits.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 2
p.(None): Local communities and research participants should be included throughout the research process, wherever possible, from
p.(None): planning through to post-study feedback and evaluation, to ensure that their perspectives are fairly represented. This
p.(None): approach represents Good Participatory
p.(None): Practice.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 3
p.(None): Feedback about the findings of the research must be given to local
p.(None): communities and research participants. It should be provided in a way that is meaningful, appropriate and readily
p.(None): comprehended.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 4
...
p.(None): In situations where animal welfare regulations are inadequate or non-existent in the local setting compared with the
p.(None): country of origin of the researcher, animal experimentation should always be undertaken in line with the higher
p.(None): standards of protection for animals.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 18
p.(None): In situations where environmental protection and biorisk-related regulations are inadequate or non-existent in the
p.(None): local setting compared with the country of origin of the researcher, research should always be undertaken in line with
p.(None): the higher standards of environmental protection.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 19
p.(None): Where research may involve health, safety or security risks for researchers or expose researchers to conflicts of
p.(None): conscience, tailored risk management plans should be agreed in advance of the research between the research team, local
p.(None): partners and employers.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): HONESTY
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 20
p.(None): A clear understanding should be reached among collaborators with regard to their roles, responsibilities and conduct
p.(None): throughout the research cycle, from study design through to study implementation, review and dissemination.
p.(None): Capacity-building plans for local researchers should be part of these discussions.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 21
p.(None): Lower educational standards, illiteracy or language barriers can never be an excuse for hiding information or providing
p.(None): it incompletely. Information must always be presented honestly and as clearly as possible. Plain language and a
p.(None): non-patronising style in the appropriate local languages should be adopted in communication with research participants
p.(None): who may have difficulties comprehending the research process and requirements.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 22
p.(None): Corruption and bribery of any kind cannot be accepted or supported by researchers from any countries.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 23
p.(None): Lower local data protection standards or compliance procedures can never be an excuse to tolerate the potential for
p.(None): privacy breaches. Special attention must be paid to research participants who are at risk of stigmatization,
p.(None): discrimination or incrimination through the research participation.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): The code was drafted by the TRUST project under the leadership of Prof. Doris Schroeder. Existing guidelines have
p.(None): played an important role in formulating the code.
p.(None):
p.(None): Please see the website for those we have taken substantial inspiration from and for further information on authorship
p.(None): and global engagement activities: http://www.globalcodeofconduct.org.
p.(None): The Ethics and Research Integrity Sector, Directorate General for Research and Innovation, European Commission will
p.(None): propose the Code as a reference document for funding applications in the Framework Programme.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): TRUST CONSORTIUM MEMBERS
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
...
Social / Property Ownership
Searching for indicator property:
(return to top)
p.(None): • using a new framework based on the values of fairness, respect, care and honesty
p.(None): • offering a wide range of learning materials and affiliated information to support the Code, and
p.(None): • complementing the European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity through a particular focus on research in
p.(None): resource-poor settings.
p.(None):
p.(None): Those applying the Code oppose double standards in research and support long-term equitable research relationships
p.(None): between partners in
p.(None): lower-income and high-income settings based on fairness, respect, care and honesty.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): FAIRNESS
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 1
p.(None): Local relevance of research is essential and should be determined in collaboration with local partners. Research that
p.(None): is not relevant in the location where it is undertaken imposes burdens without benefits.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 2
p.(None): Local communities and research participants should be included throughout the research process, wherever possible, from
p.(None): planning through to post-study feedback and evaluation, to ensure that their perspectives are fairly represented. This
p.(None): approach represents Good Participatory
p.(None): Practice.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 3
p.(None): Feedback about the findings of the research must be given to local
p.(None): communities and research participants. It should be provided in a way that is meaningful, appropriate and readily
p.(None): comprehended.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 4
p.(None): Local researchers should be included, wherever possible, throughout the research process, including in study design,
p.(None): study implementation, data ownership, intellectual property and authorship of publications.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 5
p.(None): Access by researchers to any biological or agricultural resources, human biological materials, traditional knowledge,
p.(None): cultural artefacts or non-renewable resources such as minerals should be subject to the free and prior informed consent
p.(None): of the owners or custodians.
p.(None): Formal agreements should govern the transfer of any material or knowledge to researchers, on terms that are
p.(None): co-developed with resource custodians or knowledge holders.
p.(None): ARTICLE 6
p.(None): Any research that uses biological materials and associated information such as traditional knowledge or genetic
p.(None): sequence data should clarify to participants the potential monetary and non-monetary benefits that might arise. A
p.(None): culturally appropriate plan to share benefits should be agreed to by all relevant stakeholders, and reviewed regularly
p.(None): as the research evolves.
p.(None): Researchers from high-income settings need to be aware of the power and resource differentials in benefit-sharing
p.(None): discussions, with sustained efforts to bring lower-capacity parties into the dialogue.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 7
p.(None): It is essential to compensate local research support systems, for instance translators, interpreters or local
p.(None): coordinators, fairly for their contribution to research projects.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): RESPECT
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 8
...
Social / Threat of Stigma
Searching for indicator stigmatization:
(return to top)
p.(None): obtained in the high-income setting.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 11
p.(None): Researchers from high-income settings should show respect to host country research ethics committees.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): CARE
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 12
p.(None): Informed consent procedures should be tailored to local requirements to achieve genuine understanding and well-founded
p.(None): decision-making.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 13
p.(None): A clear procedure for feedback, complaints or allegations of misconduct must be offered that gives genuine and
p.(None): appropriate access to all research participants and local partners to express any concerns they may have with the
p.(None): research process. This procedure must be agreed with local partners at the outset of the research.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 14
p.(None): Research that would be severely restricted or prohibited in a high-income setting should not be carried out in a
p.(None): lower-income setting. Exceptions might be permissible in the context of specific local conditions (e.g. diseases not
p.(None): prevalent in high-income countries).
p.(None):
p.(None): If and when such exceptions are dealt with, the internationally acknowledged compliance commandment “comply or explain”
p.(None): must be used, i.e. exceptions agreed upon by the local stakeholders and researchers must be explicitly and
p.(None): transparently justified and made easily accessible to interested parties.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 15
p.(None): Where research involvement could lead to stigmatization (e.g. research on sexually transmitted diseases), incrimination
p.(None): (e.g. sex work), discrimination or indeterminate personal risk (e.g. research on political beliefs), special measures
p.(None): to ensure the safety and wellbeing of research participants need to be agreed with local partners.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 16
p.(None): Ahead of the research it should be determined whether local resources will be depleted to provide staff or other
p.(None): resources for the new project (e.g. nurses or laboratory staff). If so, the implications should be discussed in detail
p.(None): with local communities, partners and authorities and monitored during the study.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 17
p.(None): In situations where animal welfare regulations are inadequate or non-existent in the local setting compared with the
p.(None): country of origin of the researcher, animal experimentation should always be undertaken in line with the higher
p.(None): standards of protection for animals.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 18
p.(None): In situations where environmental protection and biorisk-related regulations are inadequate or non-existent in the
p.(None): local setting compared with the country of origin of the researcher, research should always be undertaken in line with
p.(None): the higher standards of environmental protection.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 19
...
p.(None): partners and employers.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): HONESTY
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 20
p.(None): A clear understanding should be reached among collaborators with regard to their roles, responsibilities and conduct
p.(None): throughout the research cycle, from study design through to study implementation, review and dissemination.
p.(None): Capacity-building plans for local researchers should be part of these discussions.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 21
p.(None): Lower educational standards, illiteracy or language barriers can never be an excuse for hiding information or providing
p.(None): it incompletely. Information must always be presented honestly and as clearly as possible. Plain language and a
p.(None): non-patronising style in the appropriate local languages should be adopted in communication with research participants
p.(None): who may have difficulties comprehending the research process and requirements.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 22
p.(None): Corruption and bribery of any kind cannot be accepted or supported by researchers from any countries.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 23
p.(None): Lower local data protection standards or compliance procedures can never be an excuse to tolerate the potential for
p.(None): privacy breaches. Special attention must be paid to research participants who are at risk of stigmatization,
p.(None): discrimination or incrimination through the research participation.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): The code was drafted by the TRUST project under the leadership of Prof. Doris Schroeder. Existing guidelines have
p.(None): played an important role in formulating the code.
p.(None):
p.(None): Please see the website for those we have taken substantial inspiration from and for further information on authorship
p.(None): and global engagement activities: http://www.globalcodeofconduct.org.
p.(None): The Ethics and Research Integrity Sector, Directorate General for Research and Innovation, European Commission will
p.(None): propose the Code as a reference document for funding applications in the Framework Programme.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): TRUST CONSORTIUM MEMBERS
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): For further information:
p.(None):
p.(None): Email: globalcodeofconduct@uclan.ac.uk
p.(None): Website: www.globalcodeofconduct.org/
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant
...
Social / Trade Union Membership
Searching for indicator union:
(return to top)
p.(None): discrimination or incrimination through the research participation.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): The code was drafted by the TRUST project under the leadership of Prof. Doris Schroeder. Existing guidelines have
p.(None): played an important role in formulating the code.
p.(None):
p.(None): Please see the website for those we have taken substantial inspiration from and for further information on authorship
p.(None): and global engagement activities: http://www.globalcodeofconduct.org.
p.(None): The Ethics and Research Integrity Sector, Directorate General for Research and Innovation, European Commission will
p.(None): propose the Code as a reference document for funding applications in the Framework Programme.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): TRUST CONSORTIUM MEMBERS
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): For further information:
p.(None):
p.(None): Email: globalcodeofconduct@uclan.ac.uk
p.(None): Website: www.globalcodeofconduct.org/
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant
...
Social / education
Searching for indicator educational:
(return to top)
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 17
p.(None): In situations where animal welfare regulations are inadequate or non-existent in the local setting compared with the
p.(None): country of origin of the researcher, animal experimentation should always be undertaken in line with the higher
p.(None): standards of protection for animals.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 18
p.(None): In situations where environmental protection and biorisk-related regulations are inadequate or non-existent in the
p.(None): local setting compared with the country of origin of the researcher, research should always be undertaken in line with
p.(None): the higher standards of environmental protection.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 19
p.(None): Where research may involve health, safety or security risks for researchers or expose researchers to conflicts of
p.(None): conscience, tailored risk management plans should be agreed in advance of the research between the research team, local
p.(None): partners and employers.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): HONESTY
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 20
p.(None): A clear understanding should be reached among collaborators with regard to their roles, responsibilities and conduct
p.(None): throughout the research cycle, from study design through to study implementation, review and dissemination.
p.(None): Capacity-building plans for local researchers should be part of these discussions.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 21
p.(None): Lower educational standards, illiteracy or language barriers can never be an excuse for hiding information or providing
p.(None): it incompletely. Information must always be presented honestly and as clearly as possible. Plain language and a
p.(None): non-patronising style in the appropriate local languages should be adopted in communication with research participants
p.(None): who may have difficulties comprehending the research process and requirements.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 22
p.(None): Corruption and bribery of any kind cannot be accepted or supported by researchers from any countries.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 23
p.(None): Lower local data protection standards or compliance procedures can never be an excuse to tolerate the potential for
p.(None): privacy breaches. Special attention must be paid to research participants who are at risk of stigmatization,
p.(None): discrimination or incrimination through the research participation.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): The code was drafted by the TRUST project under the leadership of Prof. Doris Schroeder. Existing guidelines have
p.(None): played an important role in formulating the code.
p.(None):
p.(None): Please see the website for those we have taken substantial inspiration from and for further information on authorship
p.(None): and global engagement activities: http://www.globalcodeofconduct.org.
p.(None): The Ethics and Research Integrity Sector, Directorate General for Research and Innovation, European Commission will
...
Social / sex worker
Searching for indicator sex work:
(return to top)
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): CARE
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 12
p.(None): Informed consent procedures should be tailored to local requirements to achieve genuine understanding and well-founded
p.(None): decision-making.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 13
p.(None): A clear procedure for feedback, complaints or allegations of misconduct must be offered that gives genuine and
p.(None): appropriate access to all research participants and local partners to express any concerns they may have with the
p.(None): research process. This procedure must be agreed with local partners at the outset of the research.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 14
p.(None): Research that would be severely restricted or prohibited in a high-income setting should not be carried out in a
p.(None): lower-income setting. Exceptions might be permissible in the context of specific local conditions (e.g. diseases not
p.(None): prevalent in high-income countries).
p.(None):
p.(None): If and when such exceptions are dealt with, the internationally acknowledged compliance commandment “comply or explain”
p.(None): must be used, i.e. exceptions agreed upon by the local stakeholders and researchers must be explicitly and
p.(None): transparently justified and made easily accessible to interested parties.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 15
p.(None): Where research involvement could lead to stigmatization (e.g. research on sexually transmitted diseases), incrimination
p.(None): (e.g. sex work), discrimination or indeterminate personal risk (e.g. research on political beliefs), special measures
p.(None): to ensure the safety and wellbeing of research participants need to be agreed with local partners.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 16
p.(None): Ahead of the research it should be determined whether local resources will be depleted to provide staff or other
p.(None): resources for the new project (e.g. nurses or laboratory staff). If so, the implications should be discussed in detail
p.(None): with local communities, partners and authorities and monitored during the study.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 17
p.(None): In situations where animal welfare regulations are inadequate or non-existent in the local setting compared with the
p.(None): country of origin of the researcher, animal experimentation should always be undertaken in line with the higher
p.(None): standards of protection for animals.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 18
p.(None): In situations where environmental protection and biorisk-related regulations are inadequate or non-existent in the
p.(None): local setting compared with the country of origin of the researcher, research should always be undertaken in line with
p.(None): the higher standards of environmental protection.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 19
p.(None): Where research may involve health, safety or security risks for researchers or expose researchers to conflicts of
...
Economic / Economic/Poverty
Searching for indicator poor:
(return to top)
p.(None): GLOBAL CODE OF CONDUCT FOR RESEARCH IN RESOURCE-POOR SETTINGS
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): www.globalcodeofconduct.org/
p.(None):
p.(None): GLOBAL CODE OF CONDUCT FOR RESEARCH IN RESOURCE-POOR SETTINGS
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): Research partnerships between high-income and lower-income settings can be highly advantageous for both parties. Or
p.(None): they can lead to ethics dumping, the practice of exporting unethical research practices to lower-income settings.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): This Global Code of Conduct for Research in Resource-Poor Settings counters ethics dumping by:
p.(None):
p.(None): • Providing guidance across all research disciplines
p.(None): • presenting clear, short statements in simple language to achieve the highest possible accessibility
p.(None): • focusing on research collaborations that entail considerable imbalances of power, resources and knowledge
p.(None): • using a new framework based on the values of fairness, respect, care and honesty
p.(None): • offering a wide range of learning materials and affiliated information to support the Code, and
p.(None): • complementing the European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity through a particular focus on research in
p.(None): resource-poor settings.
p.(None):
p.(None): Those applying the Code oppose double standards in research and support long-term equitable research relationships
p.(None): between partners in
p.(None): lower-income and high-income settings based on fairness, respect, care and honesty.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): FAIRNESS
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 1
p.(None): Local relevance of research is essential and should be determined in collaboration with local partners. Research that
p.(None): is not relevant in the location where it is undertaken imposes burdens without benefits.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 2
p.(None): Local communities and research participants should be included throughout the research process, wherever possible, from
p.(None): planning through to post-study feedback and evaluation, to ensure that their perspectives are fairly represented. This
p.(None): approach represents Good Participatory
p.(None): Practice.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 3
p.(None): Feedback about the findings of the research must be given to local
p.(None): communities and research participants. It should be provided in a way that is meaningful, appropriate and readily
p.(None): comprehended.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 4
p.(None): Local researchers should be included, wherever possible, throughout the research process, including in study design,
p.(None): study implementation, data ownership, intellectual property and authorship of publications.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 5
p.(None): Access by researchers to any biological or agricultural resources, human biological materials, traditional knowledge,
...
General/Other / cultural difference
Searching for indicator culturally:
(return to top)
p.(None): ARTICLE 2
p.(None): Local communities and research participants should be included throughout the research process, wherever possible, from
p.(None): planning through to post-study feedback and evaluation, to ensure that their perspectives are fairly represented. This
p.(None): approach represents Good Participatory
p.(None): Practice.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 3
p.(None): Feedback about the findings of the research must be given to local
p.(None): communities and research participants. It should be provided in a way that is meaningful, appropriate and readily
p.(None): comprehended.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 4
p.(None): Local researchers should be included, wherever possible, throughout the research process, including in study design,
p.(None): study implementation, data ownership, intellectual property and authorship of publications.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 5
p.(None): Access by researchers to any biological or agricultural resources, human biological materials, traditional knowledge,
p.(None): cultural artefacts or non-renewable resources such as minerals should be subject to the free and prior informed consent
p.(None): of the owners or custodians.
p.(None): Formal agreements should govern the transfer of any material or knowledge to researchers, on terms that are
p.(None): co-developed with resource custodians or knowledge holders.
p.(None): ARTICLE 6
p.(None): Any research that uses biological materials and associated information such as traditional knowledge or genetic
p.(None): sequence data should clarify to participants the potential monetary and non-monetary benefits that might arise. A
p.(None): culturally appropriate plan to share benefits should be agreed to by all relevant stakeholders, and reviewed regularly
p.(None): as the research evolves.
p.(None): Researchers from high-income settings need to be aware of the power and resource differentials in benefit-sharing
p.(None): discussions, with sustained efforts to bring lower-capacity parties into the dialogue.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 7
p.(None): It is essential to compensate local research support systems, for instance translators, interpreters or local
p.(None): coordinators, fairly for their contribution to research projects.
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None):
p.(None): RESPECT
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 8
p.(None): Potential cultural sensitivities should be explored in advance of research with local communities, research
p.(None): participants and local researchers to avoid violating customary practices. Research is a voluntary exercise for
p.(None): research participants. It is
p.(None): not a mission-driven exercise to impose different ethical values. If researchers from high-income settings cannot
p.(None):
p.(None): agree on a way of undertaking the research that is acceptable to local stakeholders, it should not take place.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 9
p.(None): Community assent should be obtained through recognized local structures, if required locally. While individual consent
p.(None): must not be compromised, assent from the community may be an ethical prerequisite and a sign of respect for the entire
p.(None): community. It is the responsibility of the researcher to find out local requirements.
p.(None):
p.(None): ARTICLE 10
...
Orphaned Trigger Words
Appendix
Indicator List
| Indicator | Vulnerability |
|---|
| access | Access to Social Goods |
| culturally | cultural difference |
| educational | education |
| laboratory staff | Laboratory Staff |
| language | Linguistic Proficiency |
| political | political affiliation |
| poor | Economic/Poverty |
| property | Property Ownership |
| restricted | Incarcerated |
| sex work | sex worker |
| sexually transmitted | sexually transmitted disases |
| stigmatization | Threat of Stigma |
| union | Trade Union Membership |
Indicator Peers (Indicators in Same Vulnerability)
Trigger Words
capacity
consent
cultural
ethics
protection
risk
welfare
Applicable Type / Vulnerability / Indicator Overlay for this Input